Jean-Marie Bockel est un avocat et homme politique.
Il débute sa carrière politique en adhérant au Parti socialiste et devient en 1981, Député du Haut-Rhin, poste qu'il conserve jusqu'en 1993, avant de le retrouver de 1997 à 2002.
Nommé en 2007 Secrétaire d'Etat auprès du ministère des Affaires étrangères et européennes chargé de la Coopération et de la Francophonie, il devient secrétaire d'État à la Défense et aux Anciens combattants lors du remaniement ministériel de mars 2008.
Beaucoup voient dans ce changement le résultat de pressions exercées par les présidents Omar Bongo et Denis Sassou-Nguesso, mécontents de ses positions au sujet de la Françafrique.
Il crée alors le parti Gauche moderne qui s'alliera à l'UMP lors des élections municipales de 2008.
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